Study of residual stresses when grinding knives made of difficult-to-cut steels 

Tat'yana N. Ivanova, Doctor of engineering sciences, professor, senior staff scientist of the department of modeling and synthesis of technological structures, Udmurt Federal Research Center of Ural branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (34 Tatyany Baramzinoy street, Izhevsk, Russia); professor of the sub-department of automation of information and engineering technologies, Tchaikovsky branch of the Perm National Research Polytechnic University (73 Lenina street, Tchaikovsky, Russia), E-mail: rsg078829@mail.ru
Gennadiy V. Kozlov, Doctor of engineering sciences, professor, director of Polytechnic Institute of Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia), E-mail: gvk17@yandex.ru
Aleksandr Yu. Muyzemnek, Doctor of engineering sciences, professor, head of the sub-department of theoretical and applied mechanics and graphics, Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia), E-mail: muyzemnek@yandex.ru 

Background. Knives made of difficult-to-cut steels are used in a wide range of general and special engineering products. They are subject to high demands on the geometric accuracy of surfaces and the characteristics of the physical and mechanical properties of the surface layer. This makes it difficult to assign the parameters of their thermomechanical processing. The purpose of the work is to develop mathematical models and study the process of formation of residual stresses when grinding knives from difficult-to-cut steels. Materials and methods. Theoretical experimental methods are used to study the stress state of plates made of difficult-to-cut steels, including analytical methods for solving problems of thermoelasticity. Results. Mathematical models of the process of formation of residual stresses in workpieces from difficult-to-cut steels that have undergone grinding have been developed. The main schemes for the formation of residual stresses, implemented at different grinding temperature ranges, are considered. The main calculated dependences for the experimental determination of residual stresses are presented. Conclusions When grinding knives made of difficult-to-cut steels, under the action of high temperatures, residual stresses arise in the surface layers of the workpiece, leading to warping. The models presented in the work make it possible to estimate both the magnitude of residual stresses and the magnitude of warping, which, ultimately, allows us to assign rational parameters for thermomechanical processing of knives. 

grinding, knife, residual stresses, difficult-to-cut steel, plate, temperature, steel microstructure 

Ivanova T.N., Kozlov G.V., Muyzemnek A.Yu. Study of residual stresses when grinding knives made of difficult-to-cut steels. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Povolzhskiy region. Tekhnicheskie nauki = University proceedings. Volga region. Engineering sciences. 2023;(3):131–143. (In Russ.). doi: 10.21685/2072-3059-2023-3-10